Business Information System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Information System - Essay Example Therefore, emphasising the long-standing role of technology for the marketers, the primary intention of this essay is to critically assess the problems faced by the Chacha Hotel Group (henceforth Chacha) due to the ineffective use of information system. Moreover, the essay also focuses on providing a valid proposal associated with developing Computer-based Information System (CIS), which can enable Chacha to effectively deal with the corresponding issues and ensure the organisation to achieve the expected competitive advantages over its rivals. Brief Analysis of the Case and Assessing Problems Experienced by Chacha Hotel Group Brief Information about the Organisation Established in the year 1962, the Chacha Hotel Group represents a chain of hotels that served across the different growing markets including Cardiff, Berlin and Amsterdam. The competitive strategy of the group has always been focused to ensure utmost satisfaction of the global clients through the compliance of adequate m onitoring process of the workforce’s performance. Since the presence of the organisation in the competitive hotel industry, Chacha tends to market and promote its range of services through flyers and offering advertisements on the local newspapers and magazines. Due to the lack of compliance persisting in the technological advancements, the organisation has been identified to face numerous challenges from its numbers of global competitors principally incorporating advanced information and technological aspects. To sum up, the organisation has been facing significant threats from its global competitors to attract a feasible number of clients. With respect to the observation of the case, it has been critically identified that the business operations, such booking services and different marketing and promotional activities are directly performed by Chacha through its travel agencies and other relevant media channels, strategically to involve information and technological feature s. In relation to its booking service, the organisation tends to perform through the help of travel agencies or through phone. Although the hotels of Chacha incorporate computer system only to perform different administrative works, it has also been witnessed that a lack of interconnection between each computer system across the different business units of the organisation persists, which has been the productive performance of the entire construct. Problems Currently Experienced by Chacha With reference to an in-depth understanding of the case, it has been critically identified that the business functions of Chacha has been facing different challenges due to its inappropriate use of information system and lack of using computer-based information system facilities. Few of the major problems faced by the group can be characterised into various types. Booking and Reservation Problem The fundamental information contained within the computers has been identifi

Advantages And Disadvantages In Cross Culture Communication Cultural Studies Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages In Cross Culture Communication Cultural Studies Essay Managing across culture. Its impact on people and business. Summary about Various levels of culture. Topic compared on Cross culture communication and Quality management a cross culture outlook. This topic include communications between different cultures and quality of work depending on cross culture and findings of some advantages and disadvantages in cross culture communication and few bias in impact of culture in quality management Introduction: Culture is nothing but the values and beliefs. Its an action of information assign by group of people. In somehow culture matters a lot for many people in different cultures and community. Its a communication of group .Its also a cultivated behaviour of religion. Communication includes a groups, information, belief, principles and reasons. Sum of learned persons conduct of a number of people that considered generally a tradition of that individual and are communicate from generation to generation. Culture is ethnology must be handled carefully. Modern era it is much often used word. Its like group of people in same community and also people from different community performing activity. Every People in this world have their own values and beliefs which resembles their cultural activities. Main problems is that the use of the word as a cross culture- is very wider sense. There is wider difference between notions to nations culture, their nations activities in such a way that individual from different nations hard to understand and also its takes lots of time adopt and also there is a chance to that person may not adjust to culture of different country which causes CULTURS SHOCK. It is easy to talk about culture, but real problem comes when its faced. To find out problems of a particular group of different culture one person must know the dos and donts particular culture. Every cultural groups act differently, thinks differently. There is no standard rule that different culture group have identical features there may have some features but all the way. Knowing culture among groups person must adopt other group culture. It, Stills, calls for decision when handling with different groups. Findings: There are two different to topic like Cross cultural communication and impact of cross culture in quality management. Each topic has their own definitions Says Cross Culture Communication is the communication between two sects or more in order to exchange their views ideas emotions feelings etc Cross Culture shows a big emphasis on quality management on the business organisations Here are the some of the findings of cross culture communication Cultural Knowledge Assembling different cultures Worldwide involvement Inter Culture awareness Education system Cultural Knowledge: Before giving international assignment, it is best known ones cultural activities and good to know the cultural differences among the existing country and home country. If the bias exist, one must give conclusion how much extent the person can adopt changes. There are few accepts which are common where people can easily accept (like greeting), and some other accepts May gets some adjust (like problem solving). To find the solution of cultural knowledge is no easy task it some so much of time to solve. Its better to provide continuous theory classes, Video classes in order adopt cross culture activities Assembling different cultures: Gathering different culture in one place so that they can exchange views, ideas, thought so that it makes them to adjust with each other that help the cross culture people mingle. There may be some disturbance of thought because of cross culture behaviour but that are to come extent only. The data that collected from congregate may helpful for further assistance World Involvement: In past 20th century they are some organisation who are not much concentrated in culture activity because they are more concern with inner- country development. In modern era every business forms has changed a lot they are more concern diversifying there business that directly impact on the behaviour and activity of a perticular of a country. In order to sustain the business they must aware Cultural activities of the country. So that they can make good profit in the organisation Inter Culture awareness: Every culture more to say every religion has its own coustom of doing thing. As culture is group of religions performing the similar activity of their own away. In that sense one group may have domination and other may not. Domination religion has power of judgement that was followed by other too.So knowing of cultural activity of a purticular or all in whole it will be easy to act like a intar cultural person. That make the person or a group to adjust and it is one of the best way to avoid cultural shock Education system: World is divided based on geographysical sector. Every country individually has more cultural reasons. So if our education system teach about culture behaviuours of different country that makes easy to an individual to adjut with cultural behaviours Impact of Quality Management by Cross Culture Behaviours: There are different studies done bye the researchers know what activity in the organisation impacting more on the quality management. They said developing countries industrial sector not developed when that compaired to developed countries. All the difference formed on various aspect in that one of the specific one is Culture Bias. Lots of argument made on Culture activities. Some conculded that behaviour and cultural aspect of a perticular individual is going to effect TQM (Total quality Managemet) of an organisation. Below are the some of the findings of Demostic Business and cultural impact on it Demostic Business Operation International Operation Effects on TQM Ad hoc Culture Demostic Business Operation: Every organisation has to own individual operation who are concentrated on particular set of people. Here cultural behaviour does find much impact on business. As the business is viewing on group of people. Here the individualism can act a major picture. Individual decision can be admitted as the business is concerntated on particular group. In this point of view quality management will be apporiate International Operations: If the Demostic business wants to diverse. The major research will comes to picture is cultural behaviour of foregin country. All the levels of business will be carried on foregin country where there is limited scope of foregin managerial fuction to carry. Basing on cultural behaviour on foregin people function must me made so that organisation is going to have good quality business# Effects on TQM: There are various difference of cultural activities carried out from one country to the another because of diversification. And every cultural behaviour impact on total quality management. Every country has there own ways of implemenations of TQM. Home country business we can well come individualism but when its come to global business individualism will not be considered if its is done so that effect the quality management vice versa Ad hoc Culture: If the organisaton carrying out there operation for a specific purpose and selected a set of religious people say like Haleem makers they select group of people of there own religion and market the product here culturally concentrating groups so obsicouly quality management will be high Conclusion: Your Way, My Way, Our Way. Individual Group Cultural behaviour, Different Group Cultural behaviours the both are two different boats having their own character. Many researcher conducted great research on Cultural aspect that are effecting to organisational business. Each have their own disadvantages say like Individual group individualism impacts more. Desecion made by one dominative group which as to follow by others. Even though judgement may not like by the others but they have to follow. Inorder avoid this inter cultural communication must be nessary. If we takes different view thats helps for better desecion making that effect organisational profit. When come to group culture every culture is superior than the others. They are some people who not intrested to adopt the different cultural behaviours that people are good loss to the organisation. Human are such a creatures where cultural and relegious behaviour impact a lot because they are social animals they have to obey the rules and regulations of purticular. Their society made rules such like that where thay can adjust and have a happy living. Organisation has to form the managerial function such a way that they dont disturbe individual cultural and group culture as well Every Culture in the world made by values and traditions. Values may concern with Individual values or group values. In this business world pesonal and group values palying a vital role. If the orgatiation protecting the values all the groups and people that result very huge profit to the organisation. Human Resource are the major factor of production to an organisation. So the organisation has to protect the Values, Culture, traditions etc of human resource that result optium resultVice Versa

Functional Irrationality Essay -- Psychology Psychological Essays

Functional Irrationality (1) I. Introduction The view that some forms of irrationality may serve a useful purpose is being increasingly entertained, despite the disquiet it elicits. The reason for the disquiet isn't difficult to discern, for if the view were made good it might threaten the unqualified normative primacy that rationality enjoys in the evaluation of thoughts, beliefs, intentions, decisions and actions. In terms of the predominant "rational explanation" model, reasons both generate and justify actions, and carrying out the dictates of reason is held up as an ideal. If it can be shown that under some circumstances or for certain types of action irrational elements or procedures would produce "all things considered" better results, this would put these deliberative "ideals" in question. Nozick (1993), going deeper, advances the view that we accord rationality intrinsic value (over and above its instrumental value), because deciding and believing in a way that is responsive to "the net balance of reasons" has come to form an important part of human identity. We value a person's believing and deciding rationally in a way that is responsive to the net balance of reasons, and we think that is good and admirable in itself, perhaps because so deciding and believing uses our high and intricate capacities and expresses them, or perhaps because that embodies an admirable and principled integrity in guiding beliefs and actions by reasons, not by the whims or desires of the moment. (Nozick 1993: 136) In this paper I want to explore whether such entrenched assumptions and intuitions preempt a coherent account of functional irrationality, or whether, despite the presumption against it, it can be defended within th... ...McLaughlin (eds) Actions and Events. Perspectives on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson. Dunn, Robert. 1995. "Motivated Irrationality and Divided Attention", Australasian Journal of Philosophy 73,3: 325-335. Elster, Jon. 1989. Solomonic Judgements. Studies in the Limitations of Rationality. Cambridge: CUP. Johnston, Mark. 1995. "Self Deception and the Nature of the Mind", in C. MacDonald and G. MacDonald (eds) Philosophy of Psychology. Debates on Psychological Explanation: 433-460. Basil Blackwell. Nozick, Robert. 1993. The Nature of Rationality. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Rawls, John. 1993. Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press. Rorty, Amà ©lie. 1980. "Where Does the Akratic Break Take Place". Australasian Journal of Philosophy. Vol. 58, No. 94: 333-346. in Action. Essays in the Philosophy of Mind. Boston: Beacon Press.

Poem Explication I carry your heart I carry it my Essay

Explication of EE Cummings â€Å"[i carry your heart with me (i carry it in]† To better understand this very romantic poem, â€Å"[i carry your heart with me (i carry it in], we must first understand that Edward Estlin Cummings was an avant-garde, which can be defined as an intelligentsia that develops new or experimental concepts especially in the arts (Merriam-Webster). Punctuation and lowercase type are used in a way that’s visually appealing, while also highlighting the poem’s theme of unity. Cummings used this type of writing in many of his works. The poem â€Å"[i carry your heart with me (i carry it in]† by EE Cummings is a free verse poem about an undying love that is felt from within. The speaker can be a man or a woman. In this case the speaker is a man who has a deep eternal love for his lover; a she in this case. Cummings uses figurative language, linguistic paradoxes, and symbolism in this poem that makes the reader feel that undying love and unity from one lover to another. Cummings uses figurative language, denotations and connotations throughout this poem. The reader can first see this in the title, â€Å"i carry your heart with me†. Obviously he isn’t actually carrying his lovers’ heart in the literal sense. Instead the reader can understand that figuratively her presence and her love are always near. He feels it all the time. It’s within him, â€Å"i carry it in my heart.† Cummings intertwined the denotations and connotations in his poem. He does this by the use of parenthesis throughout the poem. â€Å"i carry your heart with me(i carry it in my heart) i am never without it (anywhere i go you go†¦..†. Linguistic paradoxes are used as well throughout this poem. The speaker says one thing in one line only to contradict what he is saying in the next. For example: â€Å"(†¦.whatever is done by only me is your doing, my darling) â€Å"It† is done by â€Å"only him† but it is her â€Å"doing†. The speaker makes the words work for him, although being contradictory. What is important in understanding this poem is understanding the symbolism of it. The speaker is symbolizing the love he feels for his lover by first saying he â€Å"carries your heart with me (i carry it in my heart) or â€Å"I fear no fate (for you are my fate, my sweet)† All these quotes are symbols of his love. He feels love to the bottom of his soul. He uses the â€Å"root of the root† and â€Å"bud of the bud† and the â€Å"sky of the sky† â€Å"of a tree called life; which grows higher that soul can hope or mind can hide† to describe to the reader that his love continues to grow  just as the tree of life continues to grow. This poem is obviously about love. An undying, deep love for the speakers’ lover. EE Cummings uses figurative language, linguistic paradoxes and symbolism to get the reader to actually feel the deep love that is shared between these lovers. It is â€Å"the deepest secret nobody knows (the root of the root and the bud of the bud and the sky of the sky of a tree called life; which grows higher than soul can hope or mind can hide) and this is the wonder that’s keeping the stars apart†. â€Å"i carry your heart (i carry it in my heart)† Works Cited Cummings, EE. â€Å"Poetry: 1952 Issue. â€Å"[i carry your heart with me (i carry it in].† 1952,. www.poetryfoundation.org. Web. 25 May 2014. Merriam-Webster. . 25 May 2014.

The role of a family in the society Essay

How Society Functions? A society is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations such as social status, roles and social networks. It allows its members to achieve needs or wishes they could not fulfil alone. Members of a society may be from different ethnic groups and cultures. What Are the Major Functions of a Family? Major functions of a family are: To ensure that children are satisfactorily socialised into the norms and values of society. To provide economic support for other family members. To satisfy our emotional needs for love and security. To provide us with a sense of place and position in our society Functions of the Nuclear Family? Long considered the idea and norm, this consists of two parents and one or more children as opposed to multi-generational families which include grandparents. The parents provide financial support for their children and the family as a whole depends on one another for emotional support. Work is divided among members of the household according to their abilities. In general they follow society’s rules as well as their family rules. Strong bonds usually develop and provide offspring with the ability to perform well in society when they leave home. The functions of the nuclear family in a traditional sense have been changing within the past 20 years as people divorce and remarry. What Is the Conflict Theory? The family conflict theory basically is where the family unit struggles for power. It is also how family members deal with adversity and change. Most of the time it is prestige and money on the basis for the most intense competitions. Name Different Types of Families? There are many different types of families. The country in which a person lives, and the cultures in this country, will determine the type of family unit that exists. For example, an American family unit is significantly different from that of a Chinese family unit. Among Americans, the type of family units will vary as well. For example, a Christian based family unit is going to be different from a Muslim family unit. Variables that may change the type of family unit also include racial, financial, educational, and other variables. Different Types of Families? The different kinds of families include nuclear families, adoptive or foster families, never married families, same sex parent families, blended families and cross-generational families. A family is a group of individuals affiliated by consanguinity, kinship, or co-residence Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Family? A main advantage of the nuclear family is that a couple has ultimate privacy. Nuclear families incur less stress and trouble when moving into a new home. There is a specific sense of freedom that gives a nuclear family the ability to live life as they wish. It is also easier to avoid stress. A disadvantage is that children are left to take care of themselves. Another disadvantage is that the feeling of safety and security is lacking. There is also not much of a support system. Disadvantages of Single Parent Families? Single parent families are families where there is only one parent to care for the children. This situation could be due to divorce, death, or abandonment. This type of family situation is not ideal and has many disadvantages compared to a traditional family. Parents in these situations often spend less time with their children, causing behaviour issues, health issues, and problems in school. Financial burdens within this type of family are also all too common. Different Types of Societies and Their Major Characteristics Bir yanÄ ±t bÄ ±rakÄ ±n To begin with, society is groups of people who live in a certain domain and  behave according to existing culture and morality. Culture and morality differ in terms of different parts of a society and different types of societies as well. The types have already been shaped by anthropologists and sociologists in history but there is not one certain classification. Even though almost every type is determined, there are six types of society that are accepted by the sociologists. The classification starts with hunter-gatherer society and finishes with post-industrial society and in between there is the process of development of human beings as a society. First four types, historically, are known as preindustrial societies in terms of social structure, cultural accumulation and the level of their technologies, the last two types were shaped after the industrial revolution. 1. Foraging Societies When human beings did not know how to dominate land and domesticate the animals, they had to live together, share work, use fresh water carefully and also migrate gregariously if anything went wrong, for example, if rivers dried up or they run out of animals. Usually men were hunters and women were gatherers in those societies and this caused matriarchy because men were always in danger during hunting and generally hunter members returned home -cave- with limited numbers. Labour in hunting and gathering societies was divided equally among the members because they were so small and mobile. There was not any political organization compared to understanding of today ´s diplomacy but their decision making body included every person who live in the society and equality conducted it. Certainly some foraging societies have their own tribal leaders but even the leader could not decide anything about tribe, everything in those societies was decided by all members. Their technologies were almost nothing in comparison with today but they could do what they needed, hunting big and small animals and using their hides in order to make cloths and gathering plants. Somehow they learned cultivation and they did not need to relocate anymore and they were divided into two parts as animal domesticators and plant cultivators. Both of them started to live in a certain domain. 2. Pastoral Societies In this type of societies, approximately 12,000 years ago, people lived in a certain place and started to pasture animals for transportation and permanent food. Those types of societies still exist in Somalia, Ethiopia and North Africa countries where horticulture and manufacturing are not possible (Samatar, 1989: 35), hunter-gatherer society did domesticate animals because they realized that using animals ´ wool, milk, and fertility was more beneficial than hunting and wasting them. Consequently, not only trade had started, but also non-survival class had aroused such as the spiritual leaders, healers, traders, craftspeople. This new formation held society together in a certain domain and nomadic did not migrate so far, circulate around the pasture –primitive version of urban- and also difference of people came out for the first time; the nomadic and settled people. These are the first forms of people who live in rural and urban areas. Moreover, as they had to domesticate a nimals and use them, people need some tools and they invented what they needed. By this means technology developed rapidly. Trade improved easily and differences between nomadic and settled people grew up, consequently concept of social inequality started to appear compared to hunter-gatherer societies. 3. Horticultural Societies Similar to pastoral societies, horticultural societies first appeared 10,000 to 12,000 years ago but these societies cultivated vegetables, fruits and plants. Depletion of the land’s resources or dwindling water supplies, for instance, forced the people to leave. Since, they were mobile and small like hunter-gatherer societies; there was not a non-survival class and not trade as well. Division of labour continued, social structures did not develop and because of this, horticultural societies did not differ from foraging societies. They could not develop because agricultural materials invented about 8,000 years ago and they could not relocate rivers and water sources, their plants dried up. It is easily realized that why development of technology is so important and how it affects to shape societies , at the same time in the other parts of the world, people could invent and develop what they needed but for agriculture, technology was not enough. 4. Agricultural Societies What cause horticultural societies to extinguish, were the late agricultural inventions around the 8,000’s. With the new inventions, food supplies increased and people settled together. Population grew up rapidly, villages came up and farmers, land owners and also warriors who protect farms in exchange for food against enemies aroused firstly. In these societies, social inequality solidly showed itself. A rigid caste system developed; slavery and ownership started to be too different concepts in those lives. Caste system developed the differentiation between the elite and agricultural labourers including slaves. Lands started to be so important, especially from ninth to fifteenth centuries, after the understanding of feudalism developed, every small land owners saw themselves as kings and owners of people who live for them as well. Concept of social classes spread through the Europe and not only land owners, but also religious leaders did not have to try to survive because workers had to give them everything that they had. Art, literature and philosophy were in religious leaders ´ hands because of this, time of feudalism is known as the dark ages. Due to existing monarchy, owners set up their own rules in their lands and each lord led the society with different rules and all of them depended on the King. This stratification prevented slaves from rebellion, workers were sweated and classes and inequalities in Europe continued until the industrial revolution. 5. Industrial Societies With usage of the steam power, human beings started to use machines and advanced technologies to produce and distribute goods and services. Industrial revolution process began in Britain and then spread through Europe and to the rest of the world, industrial societies started to develop. The growth of technologies led to advances in farming techniques, so slavery lost its significance, economy developed quickly and understanding of social charity and governments’ aids grew up. Feudal social classes removed but then societies divided into two parts as workers and non-workers. Karl Marx explained that non-workers are composing capitalist class and they hold all money and also set up rules. Considering this explanation, it is easily understood that non-workers are the same with non-survivors like lords and religious leaders in preindustrial societies. Thus, the industrial revolution brought only the slavery extinction and there is only worker class. Learning from previous mistakes rulers gave more opportunities for social mobility and also gave more rights than they gave to the slaves. With changes in social inequalities people started to want their rights and freedom as citizens and then kingdoms and autocracy lost their power on citizens. Democracy seemed more beneficial and necessary with French and American Revolutions, nationality became more important and so, citizens won their rights and classes existed as just economic differences. Politically everyone seemed equal but, of course, inequalities between money owners and sellers of their own labours to survive, unstoppably increased. Villages lost their significance and towns became places where occupation opportunities were supplied. 6. Post-industrial Societies The countries that the industrial revolution began, -Britain, France, the USA and Japan- now became the post industrial countries. These countries are users of advance technologies like developed computers, satellites, microchips . In short, those societies are affected by the technologies at first hand. In comparison with horticultural societies it can be easily understood that how technology is important to shape and characterize a society. Since they are trailblazers of technologies, they are now holding all world ´s economy in their hands. There is not rural and urban areas difference as well as people who are economically at the top and middle. According to common view, in those societies, there is neither social inequality nor classification. People won their own freedom by working hard, if there are any differences or discrimination, this is caused by capitalist and global world, not the governments ´ mistakes. That is, rather than being driven by the factory production of goods, society is being shaped by the human mind, aided by computer technology. Although factories will always exist, the key to wealth and power seems to lie in the ability to generate,  store, manipulate, and sell information. Sociologists speculate about the characteristics of post-industrial society in the near future. They predict increased levels of education and training, consumerism, availability of goods, and social mobility. While they hope for a decline in inequality as technical skills and â€Å"know-how† begins to determine class rather than the ownership of property, sociologists are also concerned about potential social divisions based on those who have appropriate education and those who do not. Sociologists believe society will become more concerned with the welfare of all members of society. They hope post-industrial society will be less characterized by social conflict, as everyone works together to solve society’s problems through science. (Andersen & Taylor, 2006: 118) To conclude, in history, there have been very different societies in terms of their level of development, levels of inequality, political organizations and cultural factors but only those six types explain easily which stages we passed. Moreover, in today ´s world almost all types of societies exist but each of them approaches through post-industrial society even if they are not. From this research paper, it is proved that how technology is important in shaping and characterizing society among the economy, social inequalities and classes.